Using diamond as cutting tool for precision turning is an important machining method. It is suitable for turning non-ferrous metals such as copper, aluminum and their alloys with high accuracy and low roughness. It can also be used for turning rare and precious metals such as gold and silver. The machining accuracy can be controlled at about 1 micron and the surface roughness can reach 0.025 micron.
The geometric parameters of this tool are formed by special grinding according to the needs, and the accuracy is very high. It needs to pay attention to many aspects in use:
1. The diamond tools for building materials shall be used on precision lathes or ordinary lathes with good accuracy and small vibration. However, the rotation speed with small and stable vibration must be selected.
2. When the tool is installed, the tool tip must be at the same height as the rotation center of the steel part, the polishing edge must be parallel to the direction of travel, and carefully check and test cut with a 5x magnifying glass. Cutting can be carried out after adjustment.
3. Diamond turning tool is a precision cutting tool, and it is not allowed to have large wear. The arc radius of the tool edge increases, which affects the surface quality of the workpiece after cutting. Therefore, pay attention to the observation during the cutting process. When the blade is sharp, the chip is complete and small, and the workpiece surface is smooth. After the cutting edge is blunt, the chip deformation is large and there is extrusion tearing phenomenon. There are obvious burrs on the workpiece at the cutting position of the tool.
4. After the workpiece rotates, the tool tip can contact the surface of the workpiece; Do not stop the machine before the tool tip leaves the workpiece to avoid damaging the tool tip. In order to effectively control the cutting depth, a dial indicator can be placed on the middle carriage.
5. The cutting speed is generally (80-150) m / min. if the machine tool meets the requirements of precision cutting, a higher cutting speed can be selected. The cutting depth is (0.01-0.2) mm. When the surface roughness of the workpiece is required to be less than ra0.05 μ m, AP < 0.01 mm. The feed rate is generally (0.02-0.04) mm / R. During cutting, the workpiece and tool shall be cooled sufficiently to remove chips.
6. In general, the power and rigidity of the machine tool and the ability to form iron chips are often the limiting factors in the rough turning process. If a good cutting parameter is selected, the metal removal rate will be greatly improved. The combination of feed and low cutting speed is required. For example, the effective power of the machine tool should also be considered. Sometimes, when the power of the machine tool is too low, it will lead to the use of the diamond turning tool. When selecting the feed and speed, we need to reduce the cutting speed to a certain extent to obtain the appropriate power.
